It's everywhere in our diets, but the vast majority of bread on supermarket shelves, and in pre-packed sandwiches, qualifies as UPF.
Whole grains lock carbohydrate up with fibre and micronutrients, causing energy to be released slowly as we digest. The reverse is also true.
Known technically as a 'comminuted meat product', which means it's reformed from tiny fragments, the soft bites commonly hover around 50% actual meat content.
Chocolate itself is not a UPF, but the type contained in, or topping, your average biscuit almost certainly is, and will contain refined fats, sugar and emulsifiers.
Beside a high quantity of sugar and other refined ingredients, this toast topper almost always contains palm oil, an ingredient that's gained a bad reputation for the deforestation caused by palm plantations.
Deep-fried slices of fresh potato seasoned with a little salt are a processed indulgence, but it's the reconstituted starch or puffed maize snacks with tongue-shocking flavours that many of us really crave.
The sugar tax has done a great job of encouraging manufacturers to reformulate drinks, but do check what's now bringing the sweetness to your favourite fizzy pop.
"Many have trans fats: fats or oil that have been synthetically altered." Banned in some parts of the world, but only restricted by voluntary agreement in others, including the UK, trans fats are linked to higher risk of stroke and heart disease.
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